Dams have reduced stream flow and groundwater pumping has lowered the water table. Few of the common names of the plant are Fremont cottonwood, Fremont’s cottonwood, Western Cottonwood, Fremont Poplar, Alamo cottonwood, poplar, balsam poplar, Alamo, aspen, quaking aspen, tacamahac, hackmatac, western poplar, Arizona cottonwood, Valley Cottonwood, Rio Grande Cottonwood and Meseta Cottonwood. Look for cottonwoods like the “Mail Tree,” in the Doc Inglesby Picnic Area. … Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) is a deciduous tree related to willows, characterized by nearly triangular leaves and small seeds carried on the wind in cottony masses. Fremont cottonwood can occur in pure stands but more often grows in association with willows (Salix spp. • From 2,000 to 6,500 feet, mostly in the southern portion of the region. Fremont cottonwood is a fast-growing winter-deciduous tree that may reach 60 feet (20 m) or more. Fax: 202.737.2457 Birds are attracted to these trees to feed on the abundance of insects. Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii) • Medium to tall tree with broad, open crown, usually 50 to 75 feet in height with trunk diameters of 1 to 4 feet. Fremont's cottonwood trees range from 12 to 35 meters in height, and trunk diameter ranges from 0.30 to 1.5 meters. Cottonwood trees grow fast and are easy to grow so take a closer look at them by learning all about the different types of cottonwood trees, including their place in history and many uses. Scientific Name: Populus fremontii Size (height & diameter): Up to 75 ft (22.9 m) tall, and 5 ft (1.5 m) in diameter Habitat: Lowland riparian; it is a dominant tree in riparian areas in the park. Observation Search (3160 records) Plant Characteristics. Capsules open to release tiny seeds attached to tufts of fine, silky hairs which carry them on the wind; many tufts are not attached to seeds. The bark is smooth in younger trees, becoming deeply furrowed with whitish cracked bark with age. All Rights Reserved, Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii ssp. Male catkin | Rios trailhead | March 2010. A fast shade tree for dry cot interior climates. WESTERN COTTONWOOD, FREMONT COTTONWOOD, GILA COTTONWOOD. Fremont Cottonwood is native to the western regions of North America. These trees have been very important to the native people living in North America. Fremont cottonwood are most common along the lower half of the Truckee River, from Reno downstream to Pyramid Lake. fremontii), State: AZ, © 2020 American Forests. Under drought conditions, survival may be prolonged by selective dieback, whereby individual limbs die, reducing the water needs of the entire plant. Black cottonwood … Female flowers are more loosely clustered. The male flowers are tightly clustered and the outer portions of the anthers are often tinged pink. Encinitas, CA 92023 It may be best known for its shade and gently whispering leaves on a hot summer day and for its buttery fall color. This champion Fremont Cottonwood of Arizona made its debut on the National Register of Champion Trees in 2018. Plant cottonwoods only if your house has a large expanse of outdoor land for maximum effect. Observation Search (3160 records) Plant Characteristics. It is a large tree growing from 12-35 meters in height, with a trunk up to 1.5 meter diameter. It is the largest known tree of its species in the country as reported to American Forests. Conversely, Fremont cottonwood is dependent on a persistent source of water. ... Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) — grows from California east to Utah and Arizona and south into northwest Mexico. This tree is recognized not only for its size but also the critical ecosystem services that it provides such a food and shelter for wildlife, its water purification abilities, and its role in absorbing CO2 from our atmosphere and storing carbon in its wood. The Rio Grande cottonwood, a welcome sight to pioneers in the desert because it often signaled water, typically reaches 50 to 60 feet in height, with a trunk of three feet in diameter. Populus fremontii Zapata, Fremont Cottonwood tree, winter sunset. Uses It is hardy to zone (UK) 7. Flowers are small, lacking petals and clustered into drooping catkins. Although cottonwood trees are really attractive and add to the appeal of their surroundings, their immense size makes them unsuitable for small yards. P.O. Browse stories on our blog, Loose Leaf, and get to know the people and champions that make up the program. Fremont Cottonwood. Plant Lists: View Information About Other Plants In the Reserve, one or more trees are found in most freshwater drainage areas, most of which are fed by runoff from local developments. Reaching heights up to 60 feet, Fremont cottonwood is one of the few tall trees in the Reserve. Growth rates of 30 feet in a year have been reported.83 The pale grayish bark is smooth in young trees, becoming darker and deeply furrowed as the tree ages.5Leaves are smooth and triangular, 2 – 3 inches (5 – 7.5 cm) long, slightly broader than long, with a rather abrupt tip. Flowering Season: Mid-spring to early summer Margins are shallowly scalloped. Growth Rate: 36 Inches per Year. *Plants ship dormant in winter months October through April. The cambium layer is damaged by even low-severity surface fire [143,154]. Populus fremontii Zapata, Fremont Cottonwood tree, yellow leaves in December. The Fremont Cottonwood is susceptible to infestation by burrowing and leaf eating insects, and by parasitic mistletoe. The largest tree by circumference in Minnesota is a Populus deltoides at 394 inches (1,001 centimeters) measured at the trunk 4 and 1/2 feet (137 cm) above the ground. fremontii) This champion Fremont Cottonwood of Arizona made its debut on the National Register of Champion Trees in 2018. Cottonwood trees can add 6 feet in height each year making them the fastest growing trees in North America. Western Cottonwood. As the … It measures 103 feet high, with a trunk circumference of 332 inches and a crown spread of 120 feet. The bark is smooth in The Black Cottonwood is a large, narrow tree that has 3″ – 5″ elongated, triangular leaves with serrated margins that are shiny and dark green above and whitish below. Fremont’s cottonwood is a native tree growing in riparian areas near streams, rivers and wetlands in the American Southwest. Erect or Spreading and requires ample growing space. Family: Salicaceae. This field is for validation purposes and should be left unchanged. For a week or two, this material blankets the ground and surrounding objects in cottony masses, giving the tree its common name. Beautiful Cottonwood along Mitchell Creek, Mount Diablo State Park. It has a broad, open crown and stout, widely spread branches. ), other trees, and shrubs [26,49]. Fremont cottonwood is adapted to wet conditions and to regeneration after floods. Box 230634 The Fremont Cottonwood, also known as the Western Cottonwood or the Rio Grande Cottonwood, Populus fremontii, occurs in California east to … One of the fastest-growing trees, Fremont Cottonwood grows at a rate of 10 to 20 feet per year, reaching a height of up to 90 feet at maturity. In closed stands, the trunk may as… Cottonwood tree identification. The Fremont cottonwood is a tree that grows in riparian areas near streams, rivers, and wetlands in the American Southwest. Growth rates of 30 feet in a year have been reported. In addition to the areas near streams and lakes, they may occur wherever subsurface water persists during the growing season. Groves of cottonwoods were used as an indicator of water, especially in low desert areas, during the early exploration of the western United States [ 104 ]. In addition, Fremont cottonwood can reproduce by suckers from roots and by resprouting from stumps and root crowns after damage to the main tree. Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii ssp. It is in flower from March to April, and the seeds ripen in April. When the tree is young, the bark, branches, and twigs are smooth. Tree Characteristics The seeds develop inside spherical capsules along the axis of the catkin, appearing like a sparse bunch of grapes. In the desert, it needs weekly watering during hot weather if roots cannot tap the water table. Cottonwood trees feature male and female parts on separate trees (female trees are the ones that produce the cottony substance that gives the tree its name). The species is dioecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required). The Fremont Cottonwood, also known as the Western Cottonwood or the Rio Grande Cottonwood, Populus fremontii, occurs in California east to Utah and Arizona and south into northwest Mexico. In Arizona, the Hopi consider Fremont cottonwood to be sacred. Flowers … Sign up for our big tree email list and receive year-round updates on the program. (760) 436-3944. The leathery, triangular-shaped foliage makes a lovely sound as the leaves rustle in the wind and it turns vibrant yellow to announce the arrival of autumn. A fast shade tree for dry hot interior climates. Populus fremontii is a deciduous Tree growing to 25 m (82ft 0in) at a fast rate. Longevity 40 to 150 years. Aigeiros.The tree was named after 19th century American explorer and pathfinder John C. Frémont They made women’s skirts from the bark of living trees which was dried and softened by working it with their hands.15. This is a fast-growing tree that will start to provide great shade and structure within just a few seasons of growth. Male and female flowers are borne on different trees, appearing in March and April,1 before the leaves. Fremont Cottonwood . Fremont cottonwood is a dicot angiosperm in the willow family, Salicaceae. It requires a groundwater source shallower than 10-12 feet. (3-4 m). Leaves Deltoid, Light Green, Golden or Yellow or Orange, Deciduous. The 3 main species are Populus deltoids (eastern cottonwood), Populus fremontii (Fremont’s cottonwood), and the Populus nigra (black poplar). The bark is smooth in younger trees, becoming deeply furrowed with whitish cracked bark with age. Rounded or Spreading Shape. Mature Fremont cottonwood trees are top-killed by moderate fire [2,5,14,15]. These have resulted in the loss of large cottonwood populations. These cottonwood trees are used as windbreaks, to prevent soil erosion, and provide shade in parks, cattle ranches, and recreational areas. Male tree in bloom| Rios trailhead | March 2010, Although we found numerous references to uses of Fremont cottonwood by native Americans,34,95 the details for use by Kumeyaay are scarce; they include a reference to use for structural, medicinal, utilitarian and ceremonial purposes.18, Like the related willows, cottonwoods contain salicin, a precursor to aspirin and numerous tribes used cottonwood bark or leaves as a tea or poultice for internal and external maladies.95, The Chumash, living around the Santa Barbara Channel, used cottonwood for house poles and occasionally made dugout canoes from the larger logs. Native range: Populus fremontii is a cottonwood native to North America and is found in riparian forest ecosystems, a wetland adjacent to rivers, stream, or water banks and aids in erosion control (Figure 8). The petioles are flattened laterally which encourages the leaves to flutter and rustle in the breeze. drought tolerant. They are characterized by flowers that lack petals or sepals and which are densely clustered in catkins. Fremont cottonwoods occur in wet areas within arid climates. The trees in the Reserve are found along natural seeps or along drainage from nearby residential areas. Family: Salicaceae. 5 Leaves are smooth and triangular, 2 – 3 inches (5 – 7.5 cm) long, slightly broader than long, with a rather abrupt tip. One plant of Populus fremontii, Fremont Cottonwood tree, 1-2 year old *Unless otherwise restricted from shipping, this plant will ship bare root to California, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, Utah, and Washington. There are only a few species of poplar trees that are classified as cottonwoods. The heartwood of Fremont cottonwood is soft and prone to breakage. Fremont's cottonwood is a native tree growing in riparian areas near streams, rivers and wetlands in the American Southwest. When male catkins are numerous, they may give a tree a pink color. Sign up for email updates, including trail openings/closures, new event announcements, and more. It occurs naturally in mixed woodlands or along streams below 9,000′. It is one of three species in Populus sect. Has Deciduous foliage. Scientific Name: Populus fremontii Size (height & diameter): Up to 75 ft (22.9 m) tall, and 5 ft (1.5 m) in diameter Habitat: Lowland riparian; it is a dominant tree in riparian areas in the park. Male and female catkins occur on different plants.44. Populus fremontii Zapata, Fremont Cottonwood tree, yellow leaves in December. Fast-growing, Populus fremontii (Western Cottonwood) is an upright-spreading deciduous tree with stout branches clad with heart-shaped, bright green leaves turning a lovely yellow in fall. The cottonwood tree is a hardwood tree that loses its leaves in the fall. A fast shade tree for dry hot interior climates. This is a fast-growing tree that will start to provide great shade and structure within just a few seasons of growth. Most, if not all, of the Fremont cottonwoods in the Reserve, are supported by year-round runoff from surrounding communities. Fremont’s cottonwood is a native tree growing in riparian areas near streams, rivers and wetlands in the American Southwest. Genus: Populus. It is fast growing deciduous hardwood tree that grows about 12 … Identification of Fremont’s cottonwood trees is by their cordate shape leaves (heart-shape), coarsely serrated edges, and elongated smooth-edged tip. 1220 L Street, NW, Suite 750Washington, DC 20005, Phone: 202.737.1944 *Plants cannot be shipped to Alaska or Hawaii. Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii) is a deciduous tree related to willows, characterized by nearly triangular leaves and small seeds carried on the wind in cottony masses. Prefers gravel to sandy soils that flood periodically. There is only one species of cottonwood in the Reserve.48 In California, at least six varieties of P. fremontii have been described but only one subspecies, P. fremontii ssp. Fremont cottonwood Populus fremontii, a dicot, is a tree that is native to California, is also found outside of California, but is confined to western North America. Branches often fall to the ground during storms, or in times of drought or stress. Type: Broadleaf. The Fremont Cottonwood is a cottonwood native to North America, growing in riparian areas near streams, rivers, and wetlands in the southwestern part of the United States, and downwards into Mexico. Cottonwood Varieties. Width: 30 - 50 feet. Forming a prominent part of the natural ecosystem in the US and reaching over 100 feet tall when fully grown, cottonwoods are truly majestic trees that tend to be a real head-turner (or rather a neck- craner ). WESTERN COTTONWOOD, FREMONT COTTONWOOD, GILA COTTONWOOD. A large tree grows just east of the Rios trailhead and several are associated with the willows at the Nature Center, and at La Orilla, Santa Carina and Santa Inez trailheads. Uses. Tax ID: 53-0196544, American Forests National Tree Register, Species: Fremont Cottonwood (Populus fremontii ssp. Fremont Cottonwood is native to the western regions of North America. Cottonwoods need a nearly-constant source of fresh water. Fremont's cottonwood trees range from 12 to 35 meters in height, and trunk diameter ranges from 0.30 to 1.5 meters. Cottonwood trees get their name from the fluffy cotton-like seeds produced by the female tree. This tree is 106 feet (32.31 meters) tall. Pests and Pathogens from Calinvasives Plant Distribution. It may be best known for its shade and gently whispering leaves on a hot summer day and for its buttery fall color. In California, a severe wildland fire completely consumed the understory vegetation of a Fremont cottonwood community. The Plants Database includes the following 2 subspecies of Populus fremontii .Click below on a thumbnail map or name for subspecies profiles. Search the American Forests Champion Tree national register. Native to (or naturalized in) Oregon: No. Tree Characteristics. Nominate a big tree that you think can achieve champion status. Pests and Pathogens from Calinvasives Plant Distribution. Help us honor and protect our nation’s Champion Trees. Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides) — grows in eastern U.S. and southern Canada. It is the largest known tree of its species in the country as reported to American Forests. Some of the grand old cottonwoods in the Rio Grande Valley have reached 90 feet in height, with trunks five feet across. Fremont cottonwood 'Fruita Mail Tree' in the picnic area along the scenic road, Fruita, Utah, United States Viewed 336 times recently Fremont cottonwood next to … Cottonwoods are pollinated by the wind, while willows produce nectar which attracts a variety of pollinating insects. fremontii), Andy Allgood, Robert Pearson, and David Thornburg. Fremont Cottonwood. Flowering Season: Mid-spring to early summer On mature trees, the ash-gray bark is divided into thick, flattened ridges, separated by deep fissures. May 2012. At the same time, the creation of unlined irrigation channels has opened a new cottonwood habitat. Fremont's cottonwood trees range from 12 to 35 meters in height, and trunk diameter ranges from 0.30 to 1.5 meters. Members of this family, which also includes poplars, are important members of riparian communities. Cottonwood trees feature male and female parts on separate trees (female trees are the ones that produce the cottony substance that gives the tree its name). Pronunciation: pop-U-lus free-MONT-e-i. Its habitat can be found neighboring chaparrals, valley grasslands, and other various types of woodland vegetation communities. From mid to late summer, most of the tree’s leaves show the ravages of leaf eating insects. Populus fremontii, commonly known as Fremont's cottonwood or the Alamo cottonwood, is a cottonwood (and thus a poplar) native to riparian zones of the Southwestern United States and northern through central Mexico. on YouTube; Last edited on 3 October 2020, at 10:15. Additional Common Names. Fremont's cottonwood (P. fremontii) is native to the southwestern United States and western Mexico. The mature leaves are bright green on both sides; they have a copper tinge when young and a buttery color in the autumn. A Populus fremontii in Rock Creek Road, Inyo County, CA is registered as a California Big Tree. The Fremont cottonwood (Populus fremontii), also commonly known as the western or Gila cottonwood, grows across U.S. Department of Agriculture plant hardiness zones 3 through 9. Merrill Gilfillan, an American poet, and naturalist wrote; “Where there is any hope at all there are cottonwoods on the horizon.” 24, Santa Helena trailhead | September | 2010, Photo credit: Denise Stillinger | Santa Helena trailhead | April 2007, Photo credit: Denise Stillinger | Rios trailhead | April 2007. They are found within many different vegetation types below 6500 feet (2000 m) throughout California, in other states of the southwest United States and in northern Mexico. fremontii is currently recognized.2,7. Fremont's cottonwood trees range from 12 to 35 meters in height, and trunk diameter ranges from 0.30 to 1.5 meters. Fremont cottonwood Populus fremontii, a dicot, is a tree that is native to California, is also found outside of California, but is confined to western North America. Does not like wet feet. In open areas, the tree may divide into branches near its base, producing a spreading crown. The tree’s main trunk may reach 48 inches at the base, although, in the Fremont region, the cottonwood tree has a base of between 24 and 35 inches. Height: 40 - 80 feet. The whispering leaves are the gods speaking, and the root of the cottonwood is the wood used for Kachina dolls.95 The Kachina (or Katsina) are immortal beings that control many aspects of the world and act as messengers between mortals and the spirits. Fremont cottonwood grows only on wet soil and is an indicator of permanent water and shade. 83 The pale grayish bark is smooth in young trees, becoming darker and deeply furrowed as the tree ages. Fremont cottonwood is a fast-growing winter-deciduous tree that may reach 60 feet (20 m) or more. Look for cottonwoods like the “Mail Tree,” in the Doc Inglesby Picnic Area. drought tolerant. The bark is smooth in younger trees, becoming deeply furrowed with whitish cracked bark with age. Fremont's cottonwood is a native tree growing in riparian areas near streams, rivers and wetlands in the American Southwest. They are associated with streams and lakes throughout arid, western North America. The other members of this family in the Reserve are willows.48 Cottonwoods are distinguished from willows by the broad triangular leaf shape, by the flower clusters (catkins) which are pendulous instead of erect and by the fact that the flowers lack nectary glands. • Usually occurs with coyote willow. Flowers Inconspicuous. Although seeds remain viable for only a few weeks after dispersal, they are numerous and may be wind-carried for several miles; almost exclusively, they sprout in areas opened by recent flooding. The leathery, triangular-shaped foliage makes a lovely sound as the leaves rustle in the wind and it turns vibrant yellow to announce the arrival of autumn. Named after 19th century American explorer John C. Fremont, it is similar to the Eastern Cottonwood, differing mainly in the leaves having fewer, larger serrations on the leaf edge and small … Irrigation practices in western states have altered the distribution of Fremont cottonwoods. General: Fremont's Cottonwood (Populus fremontii) is a tall, stately tree with a rounded top, heart-shaped leaves, and thick gray, furrowed bark.. Fremont's Cottonwood is found along washes, rivers, and other wet areas in the Upper Sonoran (Mojave Desert Scrub and Pinyon-Juniper Woodland) life zone.Family: Willow (Salicaceae).. Other Names: . , Light Green, Golden or yellow or Orange, deciduous new event,... And David Thornburg 1.5 meters throughout arid fremont cottonwood tree western North America the grand old cottonwoods the! Time, the creation of unlined irrigation channels has opened a new cottonwood habitat its common.... 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Are bright Green on both sides ; they have a copper tinge fremont cottonwood tree young and a color! During hot weather if roots can not be shipped to Alaska or.... Arid climates, winter sunset species of poplar trees that are classified as cottonwoods severe wildland fire completely the.